1 operating environment
A complete RFID application system should include devices such as readers, electronic tags, and computer networks. Considering the problems of data reading, processing, transmission, etc., consideration should also be given to the installation and transmission distance of the reader antenna.
The operating environment of RFID technology is relatively loose. From the operating environment of the application software system, any software based on any programming language can be run on any existing system.
Computer platform systems include Windows, Linux, UNIX, and DOS platform systems.
2 interface mode
(1) RJ45
The RF45 and Category 5 lines are used in an Ethernet network. The 8 lines are divided into 4 groups, which are composed of 8 kinds of single colors or white strips of red, white, red, green, white, green, blue, white, blue, brown, and brown. There are two types of connection for RJ45, T-568A and T-568B respectively. The only difference between the two methods is that the line order is different.
The RJ45 transmits signals farther, using the TCP/IP protocol.
(2) RS-232
RS-232 is currently the most popular computer serial interface. Commonly used RS-232 interfaces are available in DB9 and DB25.
RS-232 is an extensive serial transmission interface developed by the Electronics Industry Association to connect data terminal equipment to data communication equipment. RS-232 specifies the type of wire and connector, the connection of the connector, and the function, voltage, meaning, and control of each line. RS-232 is compatible with ITU's V.24 and V.28.
(3)rs-485/' target='_blank'>RS-485/ RS-422
RS-422 is a full-duplex interface that uses a smooth line and is more resistant to interference than RS-232. When the RS-422 data transmission speed is the same, the recognition distance of the low frequency system is the closest, followed by the medium and high frequency system and the microwave system, and the recognition distance of the microwave system is the farthest. As long as the frequency of the reader changes, the operating frequency of the system changes.
The effective identification distance of the RFID system is proportional to the RF transmission power of the reader. The greater the transmit power, the further the recognition distance. However, when the radiation generated by electromagnetic waves exceeds a certain range, it will have a harmful effect on the environment and the human body. Therefore, certain power standards must be followed in terms of electromagnetic power.
The package form of the electronic tag is also one of the reasons that affect the recognition distance of the system. The larger the antenna of the electronic tag, that is, the larger the magnetic flux acquired by the electronic tag in the active area of ​​the reader, the greater the stored energy.
The required working distance of the application project depends on various factors: the positioning accuracy of the electronic tag; the minimum distance between multiple electronic tags in the actual application; and the moving speed of the electronic tag in the working area of ​​the reader.
Usually in RFID applications, the right antenna can be selected to accommodate long-distance reading and writing. For example, the FastTrack conveyor belt antenna is designed to be mounted on a conveyor belt between the rollers, and the REID carrier is mounted on the bottom of the tray or product to ensure that the carrier passes directly through the antenna.
(3) Data transmission rate
Speed ​​is a very important factor for most data acquisition systems. Due to the continuous shortening of the product production cycle, the time required to read and update the RFID carrier is becoming shorter and shorter.
1 read-only rate
The data transmission rate of the RFID read-only system depends on the length of the code, the transmission rate of the carrier data, the read/write distance, the carrier frequency between the carrier and the antenna, and the modulation technique of the data transmission. The transmission rate varies depending on the type of product in the actual application.
2 passive read and write rates
The data transmission rate determinant of the passive read/write REID system is the same as that of the read-only system, except that in addition to reading data from the carrier, it is also necessary to consider writing data to the carrier. The transmission rate varies depending on the type of product in the actual application.
3 active read and write rates
The data transmission rate determinant of an active read/write RFID system is the same as that of a passive system, except that the passive system needs to activate the capacitor charging on the carrier to communicate. It is important that a typical low frequency read/write system can operate at only 100 bytes/s or 200 bytes/s. Thus, since there may be hundreds of bytes of data to be transferred at a site, the data transfer time can take several seconds, which may be longer than the entire mechanical operation. EMS has designed a low-frequency system that uses several unique and proprietary technologies at a higher rate than most microwave systems.
(4) Safety requirements
Security requirements generally refer to encryption and authentication. A planned RFID system should have a very accurate assessment of its safety requirements in order to eliminate the various dangerous attacks that may occur during the application phase from the outset. To this end, it is necessary to analyze various security vulnerabilities existing in the system, the possibility of attacks, and the like.
(5) Storage capacity
The size of the data carrier is different, and the price of the system is also different. The price of the data carrier is primarily determined by the storage capacity of the electronic tag.
For applications that are price sensitive and require less on-site, a fixed-coded read-only data carrier should be used. If you want to write information into the electronic tag, you need an electronic tag using EEPROM or RAM storage technology, and the system cost will increase.
A basic rule of memory-based systems is that storage capacity is always insufficient. Undoubtedly, expanding system storage capacity will naturally expand the application area. The read-only carrier has a storage capacity of 20 bits, and the active read-write carrier has a storage capacity ranging from 64B to 32KB, which means that several pages of text can be stored in the readable and writable carrier, which is sufficient for loading the manifest and test data. And allow the system to expand. The memory space of passive read/write carriers ranges from 48B to 736B, and it has many features not found in active read/write systems.
(6) Connectivity of the RFID system
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