The electric double layer capacitor (EDLC) based on porous activated carbon material and ionic liquid electrolyte has the advantages of fast charge and discharge, good cycle stability and wide working voltage window, and is a promising electrochemical energy storage device. To study the energy storage mechanism of EDLC in ionic liquids, especially to characterize the mechanism of the influence of the intrinsic structure of ionic liquid anions and cations on the capacitance characteristics of porous activated carbon, reveal the energy storage mechanism from the microscopic level, properly select ionic liquids, and then rationally construct High performance EDLC has important guiding significance.
Recently, the team of the Institute of Clean Energy Chemistry and Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, has made significant progress in the study of EDLC in the mechanism of ionic liquid energy storage. The researchers prepared four kinds of nano-silica grafted ionic liquids, and realized the purpose of analyzing the anion and cation separately by using the characteristics that only one ion of the ionic liquid can enter and exit the activated carbon channel freely during charge and discharge. The results can provide a new strategy for studying the energy storage behavior of ionic liquid anions and cations in EDLC.
The structure of the silica-grafted ionic liquid is characterized in that one ion (cation BMIM+, NBu4+ or anion NTf2–, PF6–) is free; and the counter-charged ion acts as an equilibrium charge: trifluoromethanesulfonimide Anion (NTf-) and methylimidazolium cation (MIM+) were covalently attached to silica nanoparticles of 7 nm in size. The pores of most of the selected activated carbon materials in this study have a pore size of less than 4 nm, so that the ions connected to the silica are blocked outside the pores of the activated carbon, and the free ions to be tested (cation BMIM+, NBu4+ or anion NTf2–, PF6–) can pass. Hole. On this basis, a simple electrochemical test can achieve quantitative analysis of the ions entering the free channel, that is, the capacity of the cyclic voltammetry curve directly reflects the capacity contributed by the ion.
Based on the above method, the research team found that with the commercial activated carbon YP-50F as the electrode, it can characterize the capacity of each of the cationic BMIM+, NBu4+ and anion NTf2–, PF6– and the specific voltage window of each ion contribution capacity. Using quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM), the researchers further characterized the energy storage mechanism of activated carbon YP-50F in ionic liquid (BMIM-NTf2), and combined with the electrochemical properties of BMIM+ and NTf2–, the energy storage mechanism was deepened. Level explanation.
Related research results were published in Nature-Communication. The research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Industry's “13th Five-Year Planâ€.
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