As one of the new highlights of this year's Tiananmen military parade, it is the nearly 1200m2 giant LED color display of the Tiananmen Gate, which broadcasts the military parade in real time and transmits exciting national day information.
According to Lehman Optoelectronics official website report: In order to demonstrate the achievements of China's manufacturing, the Tiananmen military parade giant display on the 60th anniversary of the National Day, specially designated LED devices of Lehman Optoelectronics domestic brand as the key components of giant display.
At the same time, according to Siemens related information, its wholly-owned subsidiary Osram won the bid for the curtain wall lighting LED products of Guangzhou International Finance Center (Xita), becoming the new landmark building in Guangzhou and also an important supporting project for the 2010 Guangzhou Sports Event. The only lighting supplier. The order value is more than 32 million yuan, which is one of the largest LED projects of OSRAM in China so far.
There are indications that LEDs will be popular in the next few years and will be used in the field of lighting. It is these advantages that show the huge market prospects and potential for LED development. Therefore, many lighting manufacturers including the world's lighting giants such as Osram, Philips and CREE are interested in entering the LED field, in order to take a share in the future development of the market.
According to the forecast, the LED street lights will increase by 178% in 2009 compared with 2008, with an output value of 1.625 billion US dollars. It is expected that the domestic LED street lamps are expected to reach more than 8 million baht in 2011, with a penetration rate of 8.5%. In the face of huge business opportunities, the relevant manufacturers are excited, but this is only a good start, the future road will not be smooth, if there is no positive guidance, it may have half the effect.
World map of semiconductor lighting patterns
At the 2009 LED Lighting Technology and Development Forum, Dai Guoqiang, deputy director of the Department of Science and Technology of the Ministry of Science and Technology pointed out: At present, when the European and American giants dominate the LED market, the speed of development in the Asia-Pacific region is also accelerating, and more countries adopt national strategies. The development of strategic industry's future strength has been formulated, while technology development is faster and applications have expanded.
"A review of the past 100 years, lighting has formed three giants in the division and integration: Philips, Osram, General Electric, when the development of semiconductor lighting in the 1990s, they did not pay enough attention, but entered the early 21st century At the same time, the three giants launched the merger activities, bringing the semiconductor lighting companies into their own wings and entering the semiconductor lighting industry. At the same time, through the injection of funds, they have completed the overall control. The next step will be to make full use of them. Some equipment manufacturing, supply chain, market network and other advantages, further play their role in this industry; and most notably they share the intellectual property, will bring some of the next industry development We must give a high degree of attention," said Dai Guoqiang.
At the same time, the vertical integration speed of the industrial chain is accelerating, mainly in the front-end and back-end respectively extending to the LED industry chain in China. Semiconductor and materials manufacturers are at the forefront, but are now moving to the back end. For example, Philips' Luimleds acquired Dynamic Colors for system integration; CREE in the US acquired two companies in Hong Kong. At the same time, the back-end application companies are mainly entering the LED market with the application of flat-panel TVs and backlights.
The Asia-Pacific region is developing rapidly. China's Taiwan region and the mainland are increasing investment. There are dozens of cities in China that regard LED as a new growth point for cities. In the past ten years, the new industrial pattern of world lighting is taking shape, with the United States, Japan, and Germany as the leaders. The competitive situation of South Korea, Taiwan, and the mainland has been initially formed.
At present, more countries have supported it as a strategic industry and launched a series of plans. The more familiar ones are Japan, South Korea, and the United States, all of which have plans, especially the US Department of Energy's National Semiconductor Lighting Research Program, Obama. The economic revitalization plan is for $50 million for LEDs, and the Clinton Foundation of the United States has demonstrated 15,000 LED street lights in Los Angeles. A guide, a ban, and the development of the semiconductor lighting industry are strongly promoted. Its background is more to introduce such a concept through energy conservation and emission reduction.
According to Dai Guoqiang, with the development of technology, Cree has achieved a mass production of 1021 lumens, and the pace of development is still accelerating in the process. At present, LEDs have broadened more application directions. Everyone knows that mobile phones, displays, signals, indicators, etc. have occupied a certain market, but they have already begun to be applied in backlights, automobiles, especially automobile headlamps, tunnels, industrial and mining, commercial They are also beginning to enter the stage of pilot application. From the development stage, the recent development of flat-panel TVs, especially TFT backlights, is extremely fast. It is estimated that in the next few years, before being replaced by other industries and products, TFT should be a relatively important user.
China's LED pattern leading to energy saving and emission reduction
The global warming of the living environment of the earth is one of the catalysts for the rapid development of the LED industry. It can be said that while driving low-carbon changes, high-efficiency and energy-saving LED light sources naturally become one of the main means to reduce carbon emissions, and naturally accelerate the development of the LED industry.
In order to save energy and achieve economic and social sustainable development, the State Council's “Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction Comprehensive Work Plan†approved by the State Council on June 3, 2007 complies with the macro policy of energy conservation and emission reduction. Five semiconductor lighting industrial bases including Dalian, Xiamen, Shanghai, Nanchang and Shenzhen were approved. In 2007 and 2008, two semiconductor lighting industrial bases such as Shijiazhuang and Yangzhou were successively approved, and long-term support was given to policies, taxes and funds.
Dai Guoqiang said: "National lighting energy consumption accounts for 51% of total energy consumption, 46% of its own electricity consumption, residential accounted for 27%, industry accounted for 14%, and the remaining 8% is outdoor fixed lighting. Today we choose More LED lighting is not from the development of the industry, nor from technological progress, but from the perspective of energy conservation and emission reduction. Our breakthrough should be: Who is the application system of our semiconductor lighting products."
It is understood that China's level of research and production, power chip industrialization level reached 80-100 lumens, and some gaps with foreign countries, but these gaps are also narrowing. From the perspective of industrial development, the total number of enterprises in China has reached more than 3,000, with an output value of nearly 70 billion, including 1.9 billion yuan in epitaxial chips, 18.5 billion yuan in packaged products, 45 billion yuan in applied products, and certain chips have replaced quite a few foreign countries. The product.
From the application point of view, our industry and product scale are also in the forefront of the world, with a growth rate of 90%. Especially since the financial crisis last year, the development of the industry should be said to be in a contrarian situation. Constantly expanding. Such as indoor lighting, brake lights, full-color display, and 20% of exports. Landscape lighting and street lights combined with solar energy have developed rapidly. Especially in the demonstration of last year's Olympic Games, you can see that LED should be a bright spot or the biggest outside the sports competition of last year's Olympic Games. A bright spot. At the same time, in the past eight or nine years, seven major industrial bases have been formed. These bases should be said to have different divisions of labor and their own characteristics. They have a certain foundation in the development of research and development and industrialization.
"But there are still a series of issues worthy of attention in technology, industry and application. For example, in terms of technology, the core technology of our industrialization is relatively lacking. Our research and development strength is distributed throughout the country. Universities, research institutes, and enterprises have not yet formed a relatively core force; in terms of industry, the development of the industrial chain is still not very balanced, and the upstream is still in a weaker situation than the international giants, especially in intellectual property. In the blockade, how to deal with it is also a severe test that we face. Small scale, poor reliability, lack of corporate brand, and high-end market are all major issues that we must deal with in the next step of industrial development. It is worthy of our attention in application. As an emerging technology application field, its application market needs our application talents to actively guide and support, but in this respect, the enterprise does not have enough strength, and the research institute has not given it as an important direction. With enough attention, this is likely to be one of the biggest difficulties in our next development." Dai Guoqiang pointed out.
Domestic enterprises take advantage of the trend and seize the "Xiangxiang"
It is expected that from 2009 to 2013, China's LED lighting market will show rapid development momentum. In terms of the amount, the annual average compound growth rate of the LED market for street lamps will reach 38.8%, and the annual average compound growth rate of the LED market for landscape lighting will reach 21.7%, both higher than the market average compound growth rate. The rapid development of the lighting market will directly drive the market demand for high-power LED products above 1W.
As an energy-saving and environmentally friendly product, LED lighting saves nearly 70% of electricity consumption compared with traditional incandescent lamps. A special survey from the National Green Lighting Project Promotion Project Office of China shows that China's lighting power consumption is more than 300 billion kWh per year. If it is replaced by LED, it means not only 1/3 of the lighting power consumption, but also the total investment scale is over 2000. The annual power generation of the Three Gorges Project of 100 million yuan. Undoubtedly, the true concept of energy saving and environmental protection will accelerate the speed of replacing LED lighting fixtures with traditional lighting fixtures.
At present, in the face of the excellent historical opportunity of the “Ten Cities and Ten Thousand Cities†project, many well-known domestic LED companies have launched corresponding measures. Take Wuhan Diyuan Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. as an example. On the banner of the company's homepage, it clearly marked: “Diyuan – Ten Cities and Ten Thousand Chinese Cores†slogan. At the product level, it produces blue-light power chips for street lamps, tunnel lights, outdoor lighting, spotlights, and high-power LED street lamps for downstream applications. In the development of upstream epitaxial wafers and chips, it has an internationally renowned technical management team. A number of Sino-US LED invention patents have purchased international advanced epitaxial chip production lines.
Many enterprises in Dongguan Qinshang Optoelectronics Co., Ltd. have adjusted their directions. The large-scale LED lighting enterprises with strength have increased the research and development of the LED lighting industry, such as the development of epitaxial wafers and chips, and the introduction of foreign advanced production line packaging equipment. The street lamps of the city, including the application, form a complete industry-university-research industry chain.
As the leading enterprise in China's LED lighting industry, Lu Ming pioneered the storage of luminescent materials in the world, which triggered a revolution in self-illuminating materials. In 2003, the company successfully acquired the American AXT company, which enabled Lu Ming to quickly enter the optoelectronics industry. The large screen made by Lu Ming in the 2006 World Cup in Germany was successfully applied. This is the first time that Chinese companies have defeated many overseas giants in the display applications of large-scale events. In 2008, Lu Ming used a number of pioneering technologies in the National Aquatics Center of the Beijing Olympic Games. In the cube, an outdoor special display project called "Water Cube" Luming LED display was completed. At present, Luming has become one of the “leaders†in the world with four core technologies of luminescent materials and light-emitting chips.
Under the influence of the financial crisis, Lu Ming did not shake the determination to adhere to independent innovation. In the case of relatively tight funds, Lu Ming still used more than 10% of sales revenue for scientific research and development; in the same industry, major companies have laid off employees. At the same time, Lu Ming is still “expanding†the talent introduction plan.
At the same time, foreign companies are now more focused on the research and development of indoor lighting technology. Relatively speaking, Chinese manufacturers pay attention to the special lighting market such as LED street lamps. The general manager of NVC is said that with the maturity and cost of LED technology The promotion and popularization of LED lighting will undoubtedly bring huge energy savings. LED is a new energy-saving light source, everyone knows, but how to use it reasonably in the field of lighting, it needs to be discussed in depth. It should be recommended not only to pay attention to road lighting, but also to pay more attention to indoors. Lighting.
Opportunities and challenges under business opportunities
For enterprises, there are opportunities and challenges. China's LED semiconductor lighting companies have advantages in packaging in the world, but in the upstream, there are still gaps in the research and development of epitaxial wafers and chips compared with the international advanced level. Therefore, domestic enterprises should also face this challenge. On the one hand, they should cooperate with domestic universities and establish scientific research bases, and independently research and develop. On the other hand, they must also introduce talents from abroad. A competent enterprise should establish its own research and development organization. Close the gap and even catch up with the international advanced level.
The “Ten Cities and Ten Thousand Miles†project is promoted by the state. The domestic LED large-scale lighting enterprises have also received strong support from the national government, but the semiconductor lighting project is a just-starting process. At this time, enterprises should firmly grasp this rare The opportunity, the adjustment of the enterprise itself is on the one hand; on the other hand, the government needs more help, and it provides human resources and financial resources support in project research and development, and the policy must be somewhat loose.
Now there are a large number of small enterprises in the LED industry that do not meet the quality standards. They have a strong impact on the LED market at a low price and disrupt the market order. Large LED companies are worried about this. I hope the government can give some policies or clear Articles to regulate the LED market, standardize the threshold, and ensure the healthy and orderly development of the LED lighting market. The government has held many exhibitions to provide a platform for LED companies and buyers to contact. Breaking the protection of the region, enabling truly capable LED companies to achieve significant growth.
"LEDs are not mysterious, but LEDs are not simple; LEDs in the lighting industry are a bit difficult. It is not a simple matter to make successful LEDs. Finally, it is emphasized that not all LEDs can be used for 'Ten Cities and Ten Thousand' LED lighting, Although you are a good craft, we must come up with mature products and mature technology." Director of the Semiconductor Lighting Professional Committee of China Lighting Association, director of Shanghai Kerui Optoelectronics Technology Development Co., Ltd. Tang Guoqing said.
How to cultivate well-known brand enterprises and raise the scale of scale is a strategic issue for China's semiconductor lighting industry. Can national policies affect the lighting industry? Many people say that the development of lighting companies is not adequately supported by national policies. If it is strong, the industry will soon be formed. But this simple understanding is biased.
Dai Guoqiang said: "Reducing the investment of fixed costs instead of reducing the cost of practical use is the most concerned issue for consumers. Just like using frequency conversion in air conditioners today, you can increase 2,000 yuan in exchange for energy saving by 10%. Consumers can Whether to accept inverter air conditioners is actually a big problem."
We are entering an era of faster competition and facing the monopoly of the three giants that have emerged in the lighting industry. Do we still have opportunities?
As of August 2009, 31 cities in China have entered the LED chip industry, and the overall distribution from the city is relatively scattered. Among the 7 national semiconductor lighting industrialization bases, LED chips companies in Xiamen, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Dalian, Shijiazhuang, Nanchang and Yangzhou accounted for 40% of the total. The number of other LED chip companies in Wuhan, Beijing and Dongguan is three or more, and it is also developing well.
At present, among China's 62 LED chip companies, 29 of them account for 46%, 14 of which are foreign capital, 23%, and 19 of which are Sino-foreign joint ventures, accounting for 31%. A total of 34 foreign-funded and Sino-foreign joint ventures accounted for more than half of the total, reaching 54%. The planned capacity of these 62 LED chip companies is expected to exceed the production in 2008. If all are released, China will be the world's leading LED chip production base. However, these enterprises have to survive in the market, and they need to make a fuss about quality and make breakthroughs. How to deal with intellectual property issues is a difficult problem for all enterprises in the future.
However, there are not many enterprises that are actually mass-produced in the 62 LED chip companies, and the epitaxial wafers mainly rely on imports from Taiwan and the United States, and LED chip production is also concentrated on low-power chips. Domestically, Wuhan Diyuan, Guangzhou Jingke, Xi'an Huaxin Lihua and other manufacturers focusing on high-power chip production have emerged. However, from the current situation, high-power chips mainly rely on imports.
At present, the LED upstream industry is showing a good trend, and the number of domestic companies involved in LED upstream chips is increasing. This aspect shows that the industry is generally optimistic about the prospects of the LED industry. On the other hand, it shows that with the gradual maturity and growth of the industry, the focus of development will gradually concentrate on the upstream areas with high profits. According to statistics, in recent years, the output growth rate of LED chips in China has exceeded 75%. In 2008, the output of high-brightness LED chips will exceed 30 billion. Since 2007, about 40 new MOCVD (metal organic chemical vapor deposition) equipment has been installed in China, and more than 100 units have been planned.
Patent protection strategy should be first
On the issue of patent protection of Chinese enterprises, Tang Guoqing, director of the Semiconductor Lighting Professional Committee of China Lighting Association and executive vice president of Shanghai Optoelectronics Industry Association, said: "Before the 337 Act involved the LED industry, there were some vague ideas in the enterprise: Avoiding the patent problem; there is a policy of adopting the "ostrich". It is considered that as long as it does not make a big project, it will be unobtrusive. There is also a chance of being lucky. It is considered that the defendant is a small probability event and can hide and hide. After that, many companies engaged in the LED industry have realized the importance of patent intellectual property rights. However, it is far from enough to know that Chinese enterprises must break through patent barriers and have no worries.
In the past ten years, patent disputes between large foreign companies have continued. The general trend is that patent disputes have gradually shifted from the United States, Japan, and Europe to South Korea and Taiwan. With the development of China's semiconductor lighting industry, its disputes will be transferred to mainland China. In 2008, there were two patent litigations against China's semiconductor lighting companies. According to Mao Jinsheng, director of the Intellectual Property Development Research Center of the State Intellectual Property Office, the original patent-originating countries are mainly concentrated in Japan, the United States, South Korea, China, Germany, Taiwan and other countries or regions. Japan has the largest number of patents, but the quality of patents in the United States and Germany is relatively high. Although the mainland accounts for 5%, it includes a large number of Taiwan-funded enterprises.
As far as domestic enterprises are concerned, only a few companies circumvent or break through the containment of foreign core patents in a certain technical detail. For example, Beijing has researched rare earths in phosphors, and some patents have bypassed foreign countries through changes in technical characteristics. Core patents; Crystal Energy has independent intellectual property rights in buffer layer technology, but there are still large patent risks in other technology branches.
The launch of the "Ten Cities and Ten Thousand Miles" project is not so much a fight for space in the national strategy. It is better to provide sufficient development space for China's LED enterprises and step up the establishment of an independent innovation system for China's LED lighting industry. Enterprises need to clarify their main position in the LED industry, and relevant departments should also promote China's reasonable patent layout in the LED field.
Mao Jinsheng pointed out: In view of the fact that most of the core patents in the LED field are in the hands of foreign companies, government departments should encourage enterprises to seize the opportunity to strengthen exchanges and cooperation with foreign companies and enterprises in Taiwan, and purchase core patents of competitors. At present, it is a favorable opportunity to purchase foreign patents. On the one hand, the development scale of LED enterprises in China is small and has not attracted the attention of foreign companies. On the other hand, it can also use the financial crisis to reduce the price of patent purchases. At the same time, on the basis of digesting and absorbing foreign advanced technology, Chinese enterprises should strengthen imitation and innovation, take the road of technological growth of Japanese and Korean companies, improve their technical effects by improving the core patents of competitors, and apply for improved patents. This is one of the effective ways to avoid patent risks.
Source: China Science and Technology Wealth
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