In recent years, artificial intelligence technology has developed rapidly, and major industries are actively promoting the advancement of artificial intelligence technology. In this regard, the global giants are spreading based on their core technologies and actively deploying. As China's artificial intelligence industry chain shows its dew, unmanned driving has become a hot spot.
Recently, the China Artificial Intelligence Industry Development Alliance was formed. According to reports, the alliance will quickly promote the application of artificial intelligence technology in production, health care, life services, urban governance and other scenarios to enhance the ability and level of industrial development. At the same time, it will integrate the resources of the whole industry chain and promote the accumulation and transformation of artificial intelligence scientific and technological achievements and resources.
The industry consensus is that the artificial intelligence industry chain can be divided into the base layer, the technology layer and the application layer. In this regard, the global giants are spreading based on their core technologies and actively deploying. At the same time, China's artificial intelligence industry chain has also been “showing mountains and dewsâ€, and more than 20 A-share companies are “taking the beach†industry chain.
The base layer mainly includes computing chips, big data, and storage. According to Microsoft's latest research report, in the field of artificial intelligence, the traditional chip computing architecture can not support the need for large-scale parallel computing such as deep learning, which requires new underlying hardware to better reserve data and accelerate the computing process. The base layer is mainly hardware-based, including GPU/FPGA and other hardware for performance acceleration, neural network chips, sensors and middleware, which are prerequisites for supporting artificial intelligence applications. These hardwares provide computing power for the entire artificial intelligence operation, and are currently dominated by traditional international IT giants.
At present, in the field of GPU, Nvidia is mainly engaged in industrial-grade ultra-large-scale deep network acceleration, and launched the Tesla processor based on Volta, the first processor that surpasses 100TFlops. Intel mainly focuses on the FPGA construction industry and introduces artificial intelligence chips that imitate the human brain. Google also introduced a second-generation TPU chip to provide chip support for its open source TensorFlow framework. In addition, there are many startups in this field, such as Zhongxingwei, Cambrian and Xijing Technology, but they cannot compete with the above-mentioned giants in terms of industrial layout capability and R&D strength.
The reporter noted that China's exploration of human brain chips is not too late. In 2015, led by the School of Computer Science of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University and Hangzhou University of Electronic Science and Technology collaborated to develop the first brain-based chip based on silicon material (CMOS) supporting pulsed neural network (SNN) - "Darwin" chip. . The research team believes that although "Darwin" is the first brain-like chip supporting pulse neural network in China, it has a certain distance compared with the international advanced level of IBM TrueNorth chip.
China's exploration of human brain computing is currently concerned with the "Cambrian" research group led by Chen Yunxuan and Chen Tianshi of the Institute of Computing Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The relevant experts of the Institute of Computing said that the energy efficiency of the Cambrian deep learning processor has two orders of magnitude improvement over the mainstream CPU and GPU, and has a strong market competitive advantage. Since 2017, the "Cambrian" research team has received a special fund support of 18 million yuan from the Chinese Academy of Sciences for project research and development and industrialization. According to the Intelligent Processor Research Center of the Institute of Computing Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, this 10 million yuan special fund is used for the basic research of artificial intelligence chips on the one hand, exploring the architecture and algorithms of the next generation artificial intelligence chips and in some new scenarios (such as AR Application development method in /VR). This will lay the foundation for science and technology for China's participation in the international era of the intelligent era. On the other hand, the special funds are used to promote the Cambrian chips in various intelligent cloud servers, smart terminals and intelligent robot markets, and strive to initially establish the position of Cambrian chips in the smart chip market within 18 months.
The person in charge of the Institute of Computing Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences said, "'Godson' is a road, Cambrian is a road, and cooperation with IBM, Intel, AMD is another way. 'Godson' is the road of 'people have me.' The Cambrian is taking the road of 'curving overtaking'."
Technology layer: breakthrough in domestic speech recognition algorithmThe technology layer includes algorithm platform, image recognition, natural language recognition processing and intelligent robots. At present, the domestic artificial intelligence technology platform mainly focuses on the fields of computer vision, speech recognition and language technology processing, and the development momentum of domestic technology layer companies is also rapid. Among them, representative enterprises include Keda Xunfei, Geling Deep, and Jie Tonghuasheng (Lingyun), Horizon, SenseTIme, Yonghong Technology, Defiance Technology, Yunzhisheng, etc.
A McKinsey research report provides a comprehensive and detailed analysis of the state of China's artificial intelligence development. McKinsey believes that China is comparable to other countries in algorithm development. Chinese researchers have made breakthroughs in developing algorithms for speech recognition and targeted advertising. Thanks to the global open source platform, Chinese companies can quickly replicate the most advanced algorithms developed elsewhere.
Experts from the China Science and Technology Strategy Research Institute told reporters that "the development of artificial intelligence industry is inseparable from the support of massive data. The size of data training affects the maturity of algorithm implementation." Alibaba iDST Director Chu Min said that algorithms and data , computing platform, users, business models, using the Internet's thinking to string together these five factors, artificial intelligence iteration can be very fast. Using the feedback data to update the model faster, and forming such a positive cycle, the effect will get better and better. Even if the algorithm is the same, as long as the data can be continuously fed back and optimized, after a month or two, its ability will be much better.
The domestic Dawning Company has established aerospace star map, Zhongke Sanqing, and Shuguang Yitong in conjunction with numerous companies to lock the data. The space star map focuses on geospatial big data processing and visualization applications. Zhongke Sanqing is a joint venture between Shuguang and the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, focusing on the prediction, warning, governance assessment and emergency response of atmospheric, water and soil pollution. In addition to the traditional IT companies in the data resources, in fact, China has also emerged a lot of companies operating and operating data, such as data, star map data, percentage points, etc., and more public data open platforms.
The data shows that the total amount of China's data in 2016 accounted for 14% of the total global data. It is predicted that by 2020, China's total data will account for 20% of the total global data, when China will become the world's largest data resource country. And the global data center.
The innovative workshop artificial intelligence strategy white paper shows that data privacy and data security put forward policy, regulation and regulatory requirements for artificial intelligence technology to establish cross-industry and cross-domain big data models. Practitioners in the vertical sector also define basic rules and boundaries for the sharing and transfer of data in terms of commercial interests. In addition, the data accumulation of many traditional industries is far from the degree of normative and transfer efficiency to the extent that the potential of artificial intelligence technology can be fully utilized.
McKinsey said that China's big technology companies collect data through their proprietary platforms, but China is lagging behind the United States in creating a data-friendly ecosystem, lacking uniform standards and cross-platform sharing. From the perspective of the world's countries concerned, opening up government data helps the private sector to innovate, but China's public sector has relatively few open data.
Application layer: driving, medical, etc. into hot spotsThe application layer includes driverless, smart security and smart healthcare. From a global perspective, IBM first deployed artificial intelligence applications, and “Universal Watson†promoted multi-industry changes. Baidu launched the "Baidu Brain" program, focusing on the deployment of driverless cars. Google's artificial intelligence business is more complicated, and many fields are blooming, including AlphaGo, driverless cars, and intelligent surgical robots. Microsoft continues to lead in areas such as language semantic recognition and computer vision.
Liu Qingfeng, chairman of Keda Xunfei, said that 2017 is the year of China's artificial intelligence application and has become a watershed for the development of artificial intelligence industry. He believes that application is the last word of artificial intelligence development, and only when technology is applied continuously in various fields can it be developed.
Ma Huateng, chairman of Tencent Group, said that the artificial intelligence research without scene support is a castle in the air. In recent years, the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology has enabled artificial intelligence to cover all aspects of life in personal assistants, automotive, medical health, security, e-commerce retail, finance, and education.
Zhang Yaqin, president of Baidu, said that Baidu needs to build an ecosystem in the era of artificial intelligence, and artificial intelligence without scenes is useless. Baidu's strategy for the next 10 to 20 years is bet on the field of artificial intelligence, and all of its resources and technologies are tilted toward it.
The application prospect of artificial intelligence in the automotive field is very broad, and autonomous driving is the most popular. In the field of autonomous driving, many manufacturers have been working hard for several years, which makes 2016 a year of full competition for autonomous driving. This year, Baidu Smart Car officially unveiled the world's leading technology in the fields of high-precision map manufacturing and automatic driving environment perception, and released an automatic driving platform. By applying artificial intelligence technology, the safety and efficiency of the public transportation system can be improved, and the self-driving vehicle can also reduce traffic accidents, relieve traffic pressure, and play an important role in realizing command traffic.
Alibaba cooperated with the Hangzhou Municipal Government to integrate urban intelligence traffic lights to make urban traffic more intelligent, reduce congestion, and increase traffic flow by 11% in specific areas. Geely Automobile built a new generation of core business systems on the whole cloud, realizing the online and data operation of traditional business, helping Geely Automobile to lead the "Internet +" trend of the automotive industry.
Recently, medical robots developed by relevant teams of the National University of Defense Technology were announced. By using the big data operation and artificial intelligence technology of supercomputer, the robot can provide integrated intelligent medical services such as registration, diagnosis and medical examination, including three major functional systems: intelligent registration, intelligent diagnosis and treatment, and intelligent health examination. Baidu is researching and developing in the areas of medical O2O intelligent triage, intelligent consultation involving artificial intelligence, genetic analysis and precision medicine, and research and development of new drugs based on big data. It is expected to calculate the computing power and the most advanced algorithms of hundreds of thousands of servers. Apply to the medical and health fields.
In the past two years, Changhong, Midea, Gree, Galanz and other home appliance companies are transforming into smart manufacturing and layout in the field of robot production and application. At the same time, almost all home appliance manufacturers are based on "Smart Home", which combines artificial intelligence and smart home more closely.
However, the experts interviewed said that there is still a long way to go between the business needs of most traditional industries and the cutting-edge scientific and technological achievements of artificial intelligence. The combination of mobile Internet applications and artificial intelligence technologies for the average consumer is still in the exploratory stage.
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