According to the statistics of China National Semiconductor Lighting Engineering R&D and Industry Alliance, the output value of China's LED chips increased by 26% in 2008, reaching RMB 1.9 billion. However, since most of China's LED chip companies do not have a complete intellectual property system, especially in the widely used LED market for high-power lighting, the share of China's mainland chips is not high.
Dongguan Keleide Digital Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd., which mainly produces high-power LED lamps, has a reason. The general manager of the company, Zhu Shi, said: "In general, we only use imported brands of chips. Of course, sometimes we will choose mainland LED chips according to the requirements of the owners. Because most mainland high-power LED chips can not reach customers. The demand cannot even pass our own tests. Therefore, we are not willing to use domestic chips."
The mainstream technologies for LED chip substrate manufacturing in the global market are sapphire substrate technology and silicon carbide substrate technology, which belong to Japan Nichia Corporation and Cree Company, USA. Most of the mainland chip manufacturers use Japan's Nichia sapphire substrate technology, but they need to pay a lot of patent fees to Japan's Japan. However, Jiangxi Jingneng Optoelectronics Co., Ltd. is breaking this monopoly. At present, Jingneng Optoelectronics owns GaN LED technology on silicon substrate. Wang Min, executive vice president, pointed out: "The silicon substrate LED chip has many advantages, has original intellectual property rights, is not subject to international patent restrictions in the international market; good antistatic performance Long life; silicon substrate LED chip is the upper and lower electrodes, single-lead vertical structure, reducing the cost of subsequent packaging." In addition to the above benefits, the most direct advantage of silicon substrate technology is cost. A staff member of Jingneng Optoelectronics pointed out that "the biggest advantage compared to sapphire and silicon carbide is the cost. The cost of the silicon substrate itself is very low. Coupled with some advantages in production technology, the cost is much less than sapphire and carbonization. LED chip on silicon substrate." Although the technology is leading, the results in the laboratory and the products in the factory are still very different. It is understood that the current yield of Crystal Energy's high-power lighting chips is still not high. A staff member of Jingjing Optoelectronics Co., Ltd., who is a shareholder of Jingneng Optoelectronics Co., Ltd., said: "Our high-power lighting products still have a part to buy Cree products from the United States, because the rate of crystal energy is not enough."
As early as 2006, Jingneng Optoelectronics has begun industrialization of silicon substrate LED chips, but it was not until May 2008 that LED chips were mass-produced. At present, the production capacity of Jingneng photoelectric LED chip is close to 10 billion, and the overall yield is about 80%. The above-mentioned crystal energy photoelectric staff said: "We will enter the field of LED chip packaging before the end of the year and extend downstream."
At present, the continuous decline in the price of upstream equipment has led to more profit margins for LED chip manufacturing and downstream LED application industries. Although most of the mainland LED companies do not have core technology, due to the rapid expansion of the market, the LED industry will maintain a certain boom cycle in the future.
A Network switch is a type of network device used to connect multiple devices in a local area network (LAN). It can receive and forward data packets through physical or wireless interfaces, sending data packets from the source device to the target device. Network switches can identify and forward packets based on MAC addresses so that data can be accurately transmitted to the target device.
A network switch usually has multiple ports, each of which can connect to a device, such as a computer, server, printer, etc. When a device sends a packet, the switch forwards the packet to the corresponding port according to the MAC address of the target device, thus achieving communication between devices.
The network switch can also divide the virtual local area network (VLAN) into multiple logical subnets, so that different devices can communicate independently on the same physical network, improving network security and performance.
In short, a network switch is a network device used to connect and forward packets, which can realize communication and network management between devices. It is an important part of building local area networks and enterprise networks.
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