Box-type substation, usually referred to as box-type substation, of course, it has another name, outdoor substation. Its configuration usually adopts three-phase oil-immersed power transformer, and is equipped with high and low voltage switches, electric energy metering, lightning protection and other components. It has the functions of substation, power distribution, metering, etc., small footprint, small footprint, small footprint, and easy installation. It is generally suitable for use in three-phase AC systems with rated voltage of 10/0.4KV, as lines and power distribution.
The principle of box-type substation
Compared with the European-style box change of the same capacity, the structure of the American-style box change is more reasonable. Because the European-style box-type transformer is to install the transformer and the ordinary high-voltage electrical equipment in the same metal shell box, the transformer room temperature is very high, which causes difficulty in heat dissipation and affects the output; on the other hand, ordinary high-voltage load switches and fuses are used in the box. equipment, low-voltage switchgear, so the European-style box is larger. The American-style box-type transformer is structurally different from the European-style box-type transformer. From the layout point of view, the low-voltage room, transformer room, and high-voltage room are not arranged in the shape of a mesh, but are arranged in a shape of a pin. From a structural point of view, this box-type transformer is divided into front and rear parts. The front is high and low voltage operation intervals. The operation interval includes high and low voltage terminals, load switch operating handles, no-load voltage regulating subsection switches, and plug-in fuses. The rear part is the oil filling tank and the heat sink, and the transformer winding, iron core, high voltage load switch and fuse are put into the transformer oil tank.
The arrester also adopts oil-immersed metal oxide arrester. The transformer cancels the oil pillow, and adopts the principle of constant volume of oil and air gap to design the sealed oil tank. The oil tank and radiator are exposed to the air, and there is no difficulty in heat dissipation. The low-voltage circuit breaker adopts the molded case circuit breaker as the main circuit breaker and the outgoing circuit breaker. Due to the simplification of the structure, the floor space and volume of this box-type substation are greatly reduced. Due to its small size and only one side opening, the required floor area is only 1/4 of that of the European-type box substation, and the volume is only It is 1/5-1/3 of the European box change of the same capacity. The high-voltage side of the American box transformer is protected by fuses, and the low-voltage side is protected by a plastic case automatic air circuit breaker, which is the same as the protection method of the 10kV distribution transformer in China. The high-voltage fuse protects the internal fault of the transformer, and the automatic air circuit breaker protects the over-current, short-circuit and under-voltage faults of the low-voltage side line. Disadvantages of American box change. Because the load switch is immersed in oil, the oil is carbonized and decomposed by the arc, and harmful gases such as acetylene are generated, which reduces the performance and causes accidents. No obvious disconnection point can be seen, and maintenance is inconvenient. Because the low-voltage protection and metering methods in the United States are different from those in China, the American box transformer itself does not have low-voltage protection and metering. In order to meet the needs of domestic users, low-voltage distribution cabinets are installed on the low-voltage side of domestic box-type transformers. Because the box-type transformer is exposed to direct sunlight for a long time, it affects the heat dissipation of the molded case circuit breaker, so that the circuit breaker cannot normally break the load and short-circuit current, which is easy to cause high-voltage side faults.
Box-type substation high-voltage switch is mainly composed of multi-circulation system, armored bus and substation integrated automation system, communication, remote, measurement, and DC Power Supply capacitance compensation unit, installed in moisture, rust, dust and rodents, heat preservation, fire prevention , anti-theft, closed, movable steel structure, mechatronics, closed operation, mainly has the following characteristics:
1. The integrated automation equipment of the substation, installed with a microcomputer protection system, can realize the "four major controls", namely telemetry, remote communication, remote control, and remote control. Each unit should have an independent operation function, complete protection functions, and can set the distance The operating parameters of the control casing, the humidity, temperature and the distance of the smoke alarm, meet the requirements of unattended operation. Image remote monitoring can also be realized as required.
2. In terms of design, it is usually judged according to the actual needs of the substation by the designer, and then the corresponding design is carried out, so that the design of the main wiring diagram and the outer box equipment, the selection box can change the specifications and modes provided by the manufacturer, and all the factory's The installation and debugging of the equipment are qualified, and the actual factory substation construction shortens the design and manufacturing cycle; on-site installation only requires debugging work such as box positioning, cable connection between boxes, outgoing cable connection, protection calibration, and transmission test. The entire substation only takes 5-8 days from installation to operation, which greatly shortens the construction period.
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