Process management plays different core roles in different periods of products, especially in the long-term and mature stages of products. From R&D to market-based mass production, the process gradually enters the stage of process improvement and product chain extension, and the basic R&D projects are gradually Reduced, while technologically advanced technology improvement projects dominate the enterprise. At present, many companies are faced with many problems such as poor cooperation in design and process, separation of process and manufacturing, and lack of standards. The process design and review process in production is larger than the essence, resulting in: unreasonable design, complicated process and process routes; process guidance documents are not standardized and complete, and the equipment utilization rate is low, and quality control is difficult to implement. These are the main reasons that hinder the development of enterprises. Although many companies use automated equipment, they still inherit the old process management model, which is purely guided by process drawings and simple process cards. The product data is not correlated and integrated in each stage, so that the data is The formation of faults between them cannot be updated in real time, which greatly reduces the accuracy and effectiveness of the data.
The goal of PLM structured process management is to establish a centralized process data management center to realize the rapid sharing and transfer of structured process data with PLM system platform, and to build a process model of “3P+1Râ€: Product, Process ( Process), Plant (Resource) mode data structure management, provide accurate and identifiable data sources for ERP, accumulate and improve process knowledge base, improve process management standardization level, improve process design quality and efficiency Establish knowledge base sharing, solidify process document review process, improve review efficiency, and ensure data accuracy and traceability. Process management of PLM system mainly includes: structure and classification of process BOM, process information of self-made parts (including process, raw material code, tool, fixture, specification and weight, etc.), work instruction and other process data, process information realization system Maintenance flow (generating BOM after PBOM cutting), integration with enterprise ERP, MES and other systems is based on the management concept of R&D, process and manufacturing integration, which fundamentally solves the problems of design, process and resources. Achieve design and process synergy, process and manufacturing synergy, manufacturing and production, sales, after-sales coordination. The system completes the construction of the process and process structure in the structure of “tree-table†(Fig. 1), and clearly expresses the relationship between processes, process routes and resources. Establish a typical process library and resource library, knowledge base, etc. of the enterprise to facilitate the accumulation of core process technology, and integrate with the enterprise information platform to realize the innovation of process template management. The value of implementation of the application is mainly reflected in: design, process parallel, process design data reuse, and can achieve process-related manufacturing goals and target forward and reverse query. Support multi-process processing methods (standard process, alternative process) for parts and plants in different places.
Figure 1 Structured Process Management Diagram
2. PLM structured process management implementation needs to pay attention toPLM system structured process management is a relatively scientific generation technology management mode, which has independent operability and inseparable association and integration relationship. The platform is based on multi-mode and multi-process of classification and hierarchical planning. Based on the unified data model, the decision-making process proposes the process classification of the product family and the organizational model of the hierarchical structure tree. From the layer management of the process business layer and the resource library, the automatic innovation of product processing and process is realized. The basic preparatory work before the implementation of the promotion is particularly important. It is not only the classification and aggregation of relevant data, but also a challenge to the traditional process ideas. The following points should be noted before implementation:
2.1 Data verification
Process control inspection, PBOM conversion to manufacturing BOM, accurate cutting of inefficient and repetitive process links, the use of effective automation equipment resources and scientific production logistics system, so that the entire process manufacturing process efficiency. Process verification is an important part of process management. It is a key guarantee for measuring the level of technical design and the level of manufacturing in the workshop. Through process verification, problems are found - research solutions - process changes - processing solutions. Process verification is a key step in the management of structured processes.
2.2 Process Classification
First, the process structure and its business type should be classified to facilitate the differentiation and clarification of the logic of the architecture, such as the division of the resource library (process termbase, equipment library, tool library, gauge library, tooling library). The system also manages the attributes through the classification attribute pool. For example, the “process termbase†can be added and managed in the classification attribute pool, and the enterprise process term classification library can be created according to the enterprise's own process processing characteristics, and the abstract classification can be selected. Create a new sub-category (parent sub-division), use the template to enter important attributes such as “classification code†and “category nameâ€, add them in the “craft terminology†classification library, then bind the business, and finally add to the "Classification" in the business type instance object.
2.3 Resource Library Coding
According to the classification attribute, the enterprise resource information is sorted and classified, and then the specification code is used to facilitate the query and filter screening. The resource coding and the material coding must be clearly distinguished. The available category letters and the serial code can be combined, and the template guide is added to the template. Instance management in the classification library. Different attributes should be configured for different resource library attributes. For example, the device should also include technical parameters, instruction manual, and warranty card.
2.4 Process Association
The structured process management is opened through data association and ERP data chain, the process route is related to the manufacturing target, the manufacturing target is inquired through the associated process to query the process route and related resource information, the work instruction book is associated with the manufacturing target, and the work area is associated with the device, etc. When creating the process and routing, by adding the “resourcesâ€, you can automatically build and maintain the structure according to the “tree-tableâ€. The process design time can be saved, and the process assignment work area is not limited to only allowing one area to be selected, so as to meet the needs of materials multi-process and multi-site production, and specifically set by the craftsman.
2.5 Typical processes and routes
The PLM system provides a “typical process library†model in the process classification library, and can expand the sub-class classification. The typical process is managed by independent types. The system establishes two business types of “typical process route†and “typical processâ€. Features: No feeding and manufacturing goals, no working hours, no resources. When a new process route is created, it can be quickly referenced from a typical routing library, and a new process route can be quickly created. The enterprise can also create a “general process†and a “typical process route†by creating a common process and process route with high general rate. Direct reference to the routing of the batch serialized product.
3. Problems and solutions in the promotion and implementation3.1 From heavy research and development to heavy process
At present, the process management of many enterprises is often not paid enough attention to the whole process of development and design. The fundamental reason is that the demand for process management is not clear, but the process management is generally considered to be the participation of process drawings and process links. The effect is far lower than the actual utility value, and it is wrong to believe that excellent research and development will produce excellent products. The transformation from heavy research and development to heavy technology is the direction of modern enterprise development and change. At present, the basic research and development is less and less, most of them are in the introduction, absorption and integration research. Enterprise managers must redefine the importance of process management, and must carefully analyze the resource information and knowledge base covered by process management. Accurately make product planning strategies and market positioning strategies. It not only simplifies the process, but also improves the resource utilization rate. It is a scientific redistribution of production management and the process of utilization. It is also an important part of energy conservation and consumption reduction. Future enterprises should pay more attention to this structure. Process utilization.
3.2 The improvement of the quality of process personnel and the matching of structured process management
PLM structured process management has strict requirements for process technicians and their operators in the process. Process technicians must be familiar with the structure and operation process of the system and have a thorough understanding of the process resource classification structure in order to accurately and effectively The rational matching of resources is the necessary condition for enterprises to implement lean production. For example, the craftsman must accurately grasp the processing capability and accuracy of the site equipment, as well as the material circulation on the site and the effective distribution and control of the products in process. Whether the craftsman can carry out general research and integrated design on the tooling in the tooling library; the craftsman must also distinguish the critical parts and important station processing personnel, etc., whether the important welding parts choose automatic robot welding or manual Welding, whether the operator level is required, etc., as well as the verification statistics of the actual working hours, these are clearly reflected in the PLM structured process management, more importantly, using the baseline comparison to analyze the productivity and quality of the same period. Rate, etc., the improvement of the quality of the craftsman is directly affected The key factor in product quality.
3.3 Graphical work instructions replace traditional craft cards
In the traditional guidance manufacturing production, it also relies on the combination of process drawings and process cards, which is simple and clear. However, for the current market demand increase and modern equipment multi-process mode, the role of process cards is far behind, and the expression is not enough. Clear and complicated production process, the current operation of the electronic version of the work instructions is not only simple, but also integrates the advantages of craft cards, and also uses more scientific and technological means, graphics (3D/2D), simultaneous updates and in their work Large-screen kanban-style inquiry of the site, etc., to form a process guidance with substantial guiding significance. After being associated with manufacturing goals, it is clear, easy to understand, and standardized. It can also transform the core of manufacturing technology accumulated by enterprises for a long time into productivity and competitiveness. At a deeper level, the core technical knowledge of the enterprise can be passed down, preserved and managed through the operation instructions, reducing the risk of product quality degradation caused by personnel turnover.
PLM structured process management is to realize process-oriented data management for management and single data source, and reduce the repetitive labor of process personnel. The flexible and extensible process information management framework can adapt to the business expansion and growth of enterprises; based on knowledge accumulation and Management of the standard process management system not only improves the standardization of production processes, standardization of standards, achieves resource matching, knowledge sharing, but also effectively improves product quality and lowers overall production costs. It also provides real-time data basis for the refined production and scientific decision-making of enterprise management. It has become an informatized platform for enterprises to realize product integration research and development and manufacturing. In the implementation process of structured process management, attention should be paid to analyzing the actual production characteristics of the enterprise, sorting and sorting the processes in the product chain, standardizing the process structure, controlling the generalization rate, improving resource utilization, and strictly controlling the material consumption quota. . Through the PLM system structured process management platform, the company actively explores new processes and new methods, actively changes the traditional process management mode, integrates effective resources for key processes and weak quality links, and taps potentials to create greater market competitiveness for enterprises.
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