Many teachers will ask: Is the elisa sample using serum or plasma? In fact, it is ok, let us analyze the adoption of serum and plasma samples and preservation methods.
Specimens that can be used for ELISA assays are extensive, and body fluids (such as serum), secretions (saliva), and excreta (such as urine, feces) can be used as specimens to determine an antibody or antigen component. Some specimens can be directly measured (such as serum, urine), while others require pretreatment (such as feces and certain secretions). Most ELISA tests use serum as a specimen. In addition to fibrinogen and anticoagulant, the plasma is equivalent to serum. Preparation of plasma specimens requires the use of anticoagulants, and serum specimens can be obtained as long as the serum naturally solidifies and the blood clot shrinks. In addition to special cases, serum was used as a test specimen in medical tests. Plasma and serum can be used equally in the ELISA. Serum samples can be collected according to conventional methods. Care should be taken to avoid hemolysis. When red blood cells are dissolved, substances with peroxidase activity are released. In ELISA assays marked with HRP, hemolyzed specimens may increase non-specific coloration.
Serum samples should be tested fresh. If there is bacterial contamination, the bacteria may contain endogenous HRP, which may also produce false positive reactions. If stored in the refrigerator for a long time, the polymerization can occur, and the background can be deepened in the indirect ELISA. In general, serum samples measured within 5 days can be placed at 4 ° C, and cryopreservation is required for more than one week. After the frozen serum is melted, the protein is partially concentrated and unevenly distributed. It should be mixed well and gently, avoiding air bubbles, and mixing upside down, do not oscillate strongly on the mixer. Gradient or precipitated serum samples should be centrifuged or filtered before clarification. Repeated freezing and thawing will cause the antibody titer to fall, so if the serum sample of the test antibody needs to be stored for multiple tests, it should be stored in small amounts. Preservation of serum should be performed aseptically, and appropriate preservatives may be added.
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