What we share this time is a very controversial CPU. The source of the dispute is mainly the following two aspects:
First of all, this is an ES version of the CPU, which means that it is an engineering sample that enters the retail market through unknown channels. If you want to get started, besides the fact that you do not have to accept a formal warranty, you have to All kinds of unknown bugs and risks come with a certain amount of psychological preparation. In the worst case, the money that may be bought by the CPU is completely fluctuated.
Secondly, the true performance of this CPU can only be fully released through significant overclocking. This operation is difficult for most users who do not have deep computer knowledge, so it is very likely that you are excited about this. The CPU bought home but found it was not overclocked, so it was only possible to buy the heart of an engineering sample at the price of i3.
However, this series of machines has been carried out to nearly 40 articles, special writing a post out of the pit everyone is kind of categorically do not come out, just want to use an objective perspective to analyze this cost-effective and controversial All of them have high CPUs, and I hope to use my experience for a while to help the same valuers who started this CPU.
Many people talk about the ES version of the CPU will have a contempt and negative attitude, this is because ES is the abbreviation for Engineering Sample, as literally, is the engineering sample, which is the trial version of the official version of the CPU before the launch. Before a CPU is finalized, there will be a lot of testing work to be done, including issuing compatibility tests to motherboard manufacturers in advance, and even testing yields at their own factories. This process will also produce a large number of ESs. The version of the CPU, generally speaking, after the official version is determined, these pre-production engineering samples will be destroyed and may not enter the retail market, but our universal horse boss home is a supernatural person who can get the source of the ES version of the CPU and a large number of Trafficking even subdivides the ES and QS versions. According to the general statement on the Internet, QS is an abbreviation of Qualification Sample, and is the closest to the official version of the engineering sample, except for the logo with the engineering sample and the official version of the CPU. difference
ES, QS, official version of the CPU are also very good distinction between these three, the most convenient way is to judge by CPUZ, we can first look at the characteristics of the ES version of the CPU, the CPU model shown in the red box position is genuine intel CPU , and finally there is an ES flag with parentheses
The QS version is characterized by the fact that the red box has a formal CPU model, but there will still be a parenthesized ES flag.
The official version of the CPU is no doubt that both the formal CPU model is displayed, there will be no behind the ES flag with brackets
The ES version will also continue to improve the process, stepping, getting better and more stable, if we consider the QS version as the final version of the official version, then the QS version body will certainly have the final test Edition, this is the late ES version that is very close to the official version. So if you divide by the degree of stability and security of the processor, the official version is definitely the best choice, followed by the QS version, and finally the ES version that steps closer to the official version, and the ES version of those early steps It is not recommended to buy, unknown bugs are certainly much more, not suitable for long-term use
The history of the so-called "i7-6400t" that has been in the player's field of vision for nearly a year is also very interesting. First of all, this is indeed a quad-core, eight-thread CPU with i7 descent. However, it is very interesting that the Intel i7 processor is in the official Intel database. Only the following four, there is no product named i7-6400t
The power of this U is 65w, the nuclear display is HD530, the only one is only i7-6700, so this "i7-6400t" should be the i7-6700 engineering sample, and the reason there will be "i7-6400t" This alias is due to the fact that several previous versions of CPUZ had the word "i7-6400t" when displaying this processor information.
The new version of CPUZ has no such display, but a general display of intel core i3/i5/i7
After figuring out what the ES version of the CPU is and the history of the "i7-6400t", it's natural to sort out what's worth playing on the ES version of the CPU.
However, before combing we still have to figure out why the ES version of the CPU is playable. The ES version of the CPU, as a product that flows into the market through informal channels, has a relatively competitive price while losing the formal warranty and stability, and spends less money to get the same or even better performance. I believe many people It will be attractive, so why do people who play ES version of CPU seems to suddenly suddenly rise after this "i7-6400t" appears? I personally think that because previous generations of Intel platforms only have K/X processors with overclocking capabilities, and ES versions of CPUs generally have lower frequencies than the official version, so the ES version of non-K processors was at a price/performance ratio. Does not have too strong competitiveness; but buy back the ES version of the K-series processor back overclocking it, and not like the official version of the CPU has the same warranty as the possible boom insurance, these two factors add up to the previous The actual cost-performance advantage of the ES version of the CPU is not outstanding, and there are naturally fewer people playing. However, what made this change was the non-K overclocking feature of Skylake's generation of CPUs, which made it possible for many low-frequency, non-K-capable ES versions of CPUs to achieve even higher frequencies than non-K overclocking. The gap between the prices is enough for some players to ignore the risk of lack of warranty, coupled with many businesses also took the opportunity to hype, resulting in "i7-6400t" seems to enter the eyes of the majority of players overnight, become hot Cost-effective artifact, but proud of this but still to remind you solemnly, for the ES version of the CPU, we must not follow the trend is not blind, rational purchase, moderate tossing
I believe we see the first picture has been found, ES version of the CPU's shell and there is no specific model, but with a combination of four letters / numbers to refer to, this is the first difficulty to play ES version of the CPU entry, must be able to Find out what technical parameters are behind this four-character combination. Fortunately, after the study has been the skylight proud of Jiao's generation of ES code are clear, here directly release the current two more mainstream models for your reference
The first one is QHQG , which is for everyone to share in detail this time. It is also the ES version of i7-6700 mentioned above. The advantage of this is that there are multiple batches available on the market at present, although the batch is theoretically newer. The better, but it is difficult to guarantee a cheaper old batch out of the best, everything depends on the character. And because the default frequency has reached 2.2g, buying back even if it is not overclocking also has some performance that can be used. Taobao links are as follows
The second one is QHQJ . This CPU is also quad-core and eight-thread. However, TDP is only 35w. The default frequency is only 1.6g. From the figure below, it should be the ES version of i7-6700T. The advantage of this is that almost all can overclock 100% to 3.2g frequency, and because it is a low-power version of the CPU, the voltage and temperature performance after overclocking may be better than the regular power version of QHQG, However, the disadvantage is that the frequency is too low. If you buy it without overclocking, it will be almost white.
Taobao links are as follows
Of course, not bad money, then you can also start with the ES version QHQF 6700K, silent frequency 2.6g, the advantage is that the multiplier and the K-series processor is unlocked, so as to avoid a series of problems with the FSB overclocking, The disadvantage is that the price is too fleshy, personal feeling that this price is not as good as adding a little more directly into the block 6600K official version of the touch awards, at least there can be a warranty, but still release Taobao link
At present, the skylake platform has a certain playability of the ES version of the CPU is also almost this, and the other is either stepping too old may have an unknown nausea bug, or is not high overclocking can not hold up the cost, are not recommended purchase. In addition to remind you to value your friends, even if the CPU is even cheaper, you should never touch it.
If you see that you are ready to get on the train, then you still need to master some necessary knowledge so as not to be pitted by Sham Shui Po's sellers. Because the ES version of the CPU four-character code, a lot of businesses are to sell multiple models of CPU mixed together, this time you have to look at the commodity description, such as the following, is to sell together QH8G and QHQG, and QH8G belongs to QHQG Earlier versions are not worth buying and need attention
Other businesses are selling QHQG, but the batch is different. The division here is L448/449, L451/452, and L501. Although the current general view is that the L501 batch of the best physical fitness can best, but If you have confidence in your character, you can choose the cheapest L449/449
In addition, some businesses have bought models and batches together, so you have to be very careful, do not buy wrong jumper
Finally, there are some businesses will launch a combination of sold together with the motherboard, it is recommended not to buy with the B150 motherboard, because the B150 can not exceed memory, a great impact on the performance of the entire system, of course, for users who will not overclock settings is still a good choice
The theoretical preparation before getting on the train is almost the same in the first two parts. When it comes to preparing for the purchase, there are still some things to explain again. First of all, we can look at my first car. There are three lines of text on the top cover surface: The first line shows that this is a block of ES CPUs; the second line has a QHQG four-character code that indicates the model, followed by 2.20. It shows that the default frequency of this CPU is 2.2g; Metaphysics information is in the third row of L452C261. The previous L452 represents the batch. The larger the number is, the more the batch is newer, and the batch is newer and generally considered to be more physical. The better, the higher the super, this is why the above several business plans will be different pricing for different batches, and in the same batch, the number behind the C261 will also represent a different sub-batch, this is said to have stress, For example, Cxxx batches are all covered with 4g, but I did not study it in depth.
From my personal experience, the batch at the beginning of L may be related to overclocking constitution, but the batch relationship at the beginning of C is not so great . Why do you say so, because this piece of L452 is my scouring from the free fish 670, 1.25v voltage can easily go to 3.8g, but even if the voltage is added to 1.4v can not run on 4g, indicating that the constitution against the wall. Fortunately, before I bought and the seller communicated well on the physical problems, can not return 4g, so readily refreshed
After the withdrawal, the thief wouldn’t die, but such a lump of touches won’t be a luck. So when the family asked, in the end, one of the sellers agreed to let me buy two pieces of touch and leave a better one, so please The two L501s in the first picture
The merchant's CPU will be affixed with fragile warranty stickers on the back of the capacitor, I later did not want to tear off because of the open cover, and found it particularly difficult to tear clean
The two L501 belonged to the C300 batch, but one was of good constitution. Although one body was hot, it was still better than the original L452. Therefore, the letter L at the beginning of the batch was the best letter, but the batch started from C. This does not seem to play a decisive role in constitution
So for the ready-to-get melons, it is best to choose the L501 batch of products, the Cxxx behind do not need to care too much; if you do not particularly believe in their own character, it is best to find that can allow One shot more than one to leave the best one business, of course, this requires you to get in front of the car and the business communication, and sometimes may also pay extra for this (for example, than to buy a single expensive 30-50)
So how do you get back a lot of cars to determine which one is best to fight? I found out that 1.2v can't give up to 4g of basics after giving up. Of course, this standard is a bit harsh. Generally, we can unify the voltage first. Set to 1.25v, and set the CPU frequency to the 4g level, and then put the bought back CPU on the machine, put this setting into the system and the CPUZ finishes the minute left, other packages are ready for return; You are lucky that all bought back can pass the initial screening, then every time the 0.1V reduction voltage, will finally be able to pass the filtered CPU with the lowest voltage, other packaging returns
For the above process is really not too much trouble, because the beginning of the first to say that this CPU's cost performance can only be truly reflected after a significant overclocking, and 4g is exactly the default frequency of 6700k, if even this frequency is reached Less than that it still says that I have the heart of i7 of course it does not require high, in fact, in excess of 3.6 or 3.8 can also be used, performance is at least stronger than a vote of i5. I'm glad that my character is not particularly bad. I touched 3 of them and found that the body can accept it.
Choosing a good CPU is just the beginning. There are still some other preparations that need to be done to make this ES version of the CPU work better.
The first problem is temperature , of course , because of Intel's relationship with high-tech silicone grease, it is desirable to have a CPU that is pressurized to 1.2v or even 1.3v in an overclocked state to have a better looking working temperature. Liquid metal is almost an essential process. When I planned to write this post, I thought that opening the lid was a risky behavior. After a while, I started using a fool-opening tool and wrote a post as a preliminary preparation for this post. Work, here for your reference
After opening the lid with tools, it is still very pleasant
Compared with the similarly uncovered G4400, it can be found that there is almost no gap between the dual-core and quad-core cores of skylake generation. This made me surprised because the G3220 was opened and the core area of ​​the dual-core Pentium was found to be smaller than that of the quad-core 3770K/4770K. a lot of. However, there are several contacts on the left side of the QHQG core, I do not know what role
Put protection around the core and apply liquid gold
Inside the top cover is still high-tech silicone grease, just replace the copper cover, directly replace the entire
After opening the liquid change gold, although solving the problem of CPU internal heat conduction, but still need to match a reliable radiator to completely solve the temperature problem after overclocking , I now basically toss ITX system, also posted a previously written The radiator posts for everyone's reference, if not toss a small chassis like me, then a large heat within 200 - just like a large frost tower - can get better heat dissipation than my radiator
But in fact, these mini heatsuits for small chassis have been able to suppress the temperature below 80 degrees, such as the two stickers I posted before
There are also newly purchased owls U9S that also serve as preparatory work for this post.
After solving the problem of heat dissipation, it is necessary to find a suitable motherboard for this QHQG . In general, now the preferred non-K overclocking board is ASRock. For example, my own choice is the following ITX product.
The reason why ASRock was selected was because not only did he only promote the non-K overclocking as a big selling point in the big factories (which means that the official BIOS may have special adjustments to this), but also because there is currently a Korean god who developed ASRock almost entirely. Department of the motherboard's ES version of CPU non-K overclocking dedicated BIOS, the advantage is that you can set a good FSB and multiplier in the BIOS at the same time, eliminating the need to enter the system through software pull frequency multiplier. And the principle of this modified version of the BIOS should be simple through the amitool a class of tool software to open the previously hidden multiplier options, security is still guaranteed, I have no problem using it. Here is the card with the download address posted
The revised BIOS are all in this area, basically covering all ASRock's Z170 motherboards, as well as the two H170/B150 hyper series recently launched (although it is not recommended because it cannot exceed memory). When you select the motherboard, you can also give priority to the models listed here
Finally there is a matter to be noted about the purchase of the motherboard, is the PCB version of the motherboard itself, I have tried two identical motherboards, the only difference between a PCB version is 1.03, another is 1.04
Then I found a very interesting problem when comparing the two motherboards. The same BIOS version, the same BIOS settings, there is no problem on the 1.03 motherboard, and after the first successful start on the 1.04 motherboard, if you restart Or shutdown will start failure, the BIOS will be cleared to start again. Guessing that motherboards with different PCB versions may need to work with different versions of the BIOS to achieve perfect results, but because there is no time to do further testing is only a guess. If you want to use the same motherboard as I used to QHQG best confirmed to buy the motherboard is version 1.03
After the preparatory work is completed, we can begin to prepare for the perfect toss, but first of all we have to figure out what is perfect toss. As we all know, skylake's non-K overclocking is actually using some kind of bug between the processor and the chipset. Before the online mainstream saying is that this overclocking will have a lot of shortcomings, to list the following:
1 The nuclear display cannot be used normally and must be displayed on its own
2 core temperature can not be detected, direct display 100
3 L1 and L2 cache speeds are abnormal
4 If the energy-saving technology fails, not only will it remain at full speed, but also the BIOS must turn off the energy-saving option, otherwise it will be stuck.
5 Failure of the new instruction set after four generations such as AVX
Since there are so many problems, it is certainly not a perfect toss if we do not solve them one by one. Let me share my solution to the above five problems.
The first is the issue of nuclear verification. I have not verified this because I have been using it alone. However, there are people on the Internet who have studied the causes of the failure. For example, the following Baidu Post Bar post is here.
To sum up, the cause of the failure is that after the FSB, the frequency of the core is increased, and then the overclocking failure is verified to cause the entire system to black out. The solution is to manually reduce the frequency of nuclear display and increase the number of cores in the BIOS. Obvious voltage. There are some posts that have the view that the CPU power after overclocking will be greater than the nominal TDP lead to the nuclear power, the solution is to use Intel's XTU software to crack the power wall, this view is for reference only
The second is the remaining four issues. These four problems after all my fumbles are actually due to the same reason, the BIOS version of the motherboard. Without saying anything, we still have a look at whether the four problems can be perfectly solved and whether the solution will bring the difference.
If the temperature and cache are abnormal, it will be as follows: CPU core temperature can not be normally displayed, all 100 degrees, and AIDA64 speed will find that the speed of the first and second cache is only 200 g, and the CPU frequency is always The highest value in 3.6g does not float
However, the temperature and the cache, including the energy saving, are completely normal. The QHQG in the figure below is even higher than the previous figure (4.1g vs. 3.6g), but the temperature of the four cores in the AIDA64 monitor is normal. Displayed, and the speed of the cache in the cache is normal, and the speed of L1 even reaches 1000g+. The frequency monitoring of the CPUZ on the right also shows that it can normally reduce the multiplier to 10 to save energy.
The comparison test of instruction sets such as AVX has not been done, because the general statement on the Internet is that the instruction set fails and the cache speed is abnormal. Therefore, when the cache is abnormal, no instruction set test is performed. But after the cache was normal, it was tested twice using the x265 HD Benchmark. The results are as follows
The final score is above 20fps, and the 6700k test score is basically the same level, so the instruction set can also work normally. If it is not normal, the encoding speed will be directly halved.
I believe that the above test results are enough to explain skylake non-K overclocking so-called bugs can be resolved, the following is a detailed step process
First of all, of course, the previously mentioned BIOS version issue, for the Z170 Gaming-ITX/ac motherboard I use, the factory BIOS version is 1.50, and then I put all the versions from 1.50 to the latest 2.30. Try it again and found that only the 1.50 version was able to achieve perfect overclocking, and the BIOS modification posted by the Korean God of the above was just for the 1.50 version that I used for this motherboard, so everyone can also try to use the modified version directly. BIOS version. At the same time, I also found a very interesting thing, that is ASRock's BIOS description although the non-K overclocking sky oc function was removed from 2.00, but the experimental discovery is still can be ultra-FSB, and other motherboard users You can try to remove the sky oc function after the BIOS version is still ultra-FSB
Also don't forget to confirm the beta version of the BIOS
As for testing which version of the BIOS can be perfectly overclocked, the method is also very simple. After entering the settings, the BIOS will directly enter the setting and the external frequency will be adjusted to 105. Because the overclocking frequency is very small, even the voltage and memory parameters can be directly entered into the system. Then use AIDA64 software's own temperature monitoring and cache speed test to confirm whether the CPU status is normal. After these two items are normal, it can be determined that this BIOS version is feasible, and then you can turn on subsequent energy saving options.
Once you have finalized the BIOS version you are using, you should start overclocking and confirm the final operating frequency. This part is too complicated to start, but fortunately, my preparatory work for this post can be described as leaking.
Here also release my own BIOS settings for your reference, ASRock motherboard can save 5 sets of overclocking settings, I here 4.1g, 4.2g and 4.3g three main frequency settings are each saved
FSB and multiplier settings are as follows
Memory settings
Voltage setting
Finally, the setting of various energy-saving features of the CPU
As you can see, I have already adopted a modified BIOS to set the multiplier. If you still do not trust this BIOS, you can also use the official original BIOS to enter the BIOS settings for FSB, memory, and voltage. Into the system using ASRock's overclocking software will be doubled to 24, although there are 25 and 26 can pull, but in fact there is no actual effect. Here also put my overclocking software settings for your reference
The first picture is the setting of the FSB to the frequency of 171 4.1g. You can see that the voltage only needs 1.184v to pass the 20-minute AIDA64 single FPU roast chicken. At the same time, the maximum temperature of the four cores is only 72 degrees. Before the temperature is not covered
The second picture is the setting chart of the frequency of the frequency jumped to 179.2, which is 4.3g. This is basically the limit daily frequency of my QHQG. At this time, the voltage has to be 1.296v to ensure stability. If the voltage is applied, there is danger. , so the frequency can no longer be improved
After the introduction of both overclocking methods, I still have to say three things that need attention.
The first is the cover mentioned in the preparatory work section. I would like to explain the importance of this preparation with two P95 roast chicken temperature charts. The first is the P95 third roast chicken after half an hour The highest temperature of the 4 cores is at 82, 84, and 86 degrees.
However, after opening the lid, after the same roast chicken, the maximum temperature of the four cores was 68, 72, and 75 degrees. It was said that opening the lid can bring more than 10 degrees of cooling is not really bragging, and this is still P95 roast chicken In an extreme situation, the general application of the game may cause the temperature to be controlled to about 60 degrees during the daily application. This can also change the fan strategy of the radiator into a silent mode, which can ensure that the overclocked processor will not operate at high temperatures. Impact on life, but also create a more quiet machine environment, can be described as two birds with one stone
The second is how the voltage of the stable work is defined in the end. The above two graphs can see that the voltage of running P95 is 1.232v after exceeding 4.1g. In the previous overclocking guide, I mentioned a homemade roast chicken method: 7-8 memtests are used to run the memory full test, while testing the stability of the memory and CPU, if you use this method to roast chicken If you exceed 4.1g, you only need the voltage of 1.184v in the figure below. This voltage can also pass the AAIA64 single baked FPU test and the x265 HD Benchmark video coding test.
So what voltage is the voltage required to overclock to 4.1g stable operation, 1.184 or 1.232? My personal opinion, in general, can be achieved through AIDA64 single-fired FPU, x265 HD Benchmark video encoding test and my own memtest roast chicken Dafa, which means that there is no problem in everyday use, including various games and various softwares. There is no problem with 99% stability; however, P95 is the king of roast chicken software and it means 100% stability through it. So, for this 1% stability increase voltage of 0.05v or 99% for lower temperature performance, it is decided according to personal preference. I'm sure to choose the lower temperature.
Lastly, the first problem was actually stated in the previous overclocking guidelines. That is, the frequency of CPU and memory must be adjusted to the optimum value at the same time to obtain the best performance. Also illustrated by the following two test charts, one CPU default frequency / memory 3200
One is / memory 2900
It can be seen that although the memory frequency differs by 300 - this is not a small number - but the combination of high-frequency CPU + low-frequency memory still greatly beats the combination of low-frequency CPU + high-frequency memory in the delay, and the memory bandwidth does not lag behind much . So when you use the ES version of CPU overclocking, you must take into account the frequency of both CPU and memory to get an optimal combination
The said point is also about the same, it should be tossing the ES version of the CPU needs to pay attention to cover all the places, then the last part is to use some test results to show what I am using 750 such a i3 price Amoy back i7 The potential of class CPU
The first is the default state of hot chicken three, in fact, it is not strictly speaking, it can not be used to the extent, and the small AA that everyone can still be a battle
In particular, the physical score of firestrike can run to a level of nearly 8,000 and surprised me. We must know that the frequency is only 2.2g.
As a comparison, I took a double-frequency benefit to reach a quad-core 3.4g notebook i7-4700MQ's physical score of 2000 points higher
Not to mention that this CPU can easily go to 4.1g to complete the turn of salted fish. In the AIDA64 one-vote test, it can lead the 6700K half-bit of the 4g 6g, and individual projects can also win the 6-core of the frequency-frequency 6-core. 5820K
Firestrike's physical rules can be raised to 13197, almost double the frequency
After 4.3g, the performance has further improved, Chess breakthrough 17000
CPUZ's running single core 2100 multi-core 9300
Firestrike's physics score is nearly touching 14000
I remember that when I put forward the "6400t" game in the 1070 video card's public beta report, most of the comments were questioned and opposed, and I also said that the CPU was all about profiteering. However, in many reviews, I also found a very rational reply, how to say specifically can not be found, the effect is "If the profiteers want to hype, this CPU can really run out of cost-effective speculation." And after my full range of tests, the phrase "i3's price of i7's heart" is no doubt
However, it should be noted that I as a lover of love toss and still spend a lot of time to this piece of QHQG toss more perfect, you can imagine the majority of the average user to achieve this level of how much effort (of course, a small super 3.6g It's still very easy to enjoy. After overclocking, the temperature and voltage can be easily suppressed without opening the lid. And the learning of related knowledge, the choice of motherboard, the debugging of the BIOS, and the fine adjustment of the voltage and frequency memory parameters will all take a lot of time. Is it worth it? Different people may have different opinions. Those who are not bad will say that I will not be able to use the 6700K directly to get back and use it better, saving time and effort. But I always feel that tossing the computer this thing, is not to save money, but also should enjoy the fun of tossing itself, buy a piece of QHQG back QHQG tossing method, buy a 6700K back to the same 6700K tossing method. One day it's tossing and it's still an honest way to buy a machine online
Although I've been talking about QHQG throughout this post, I actually don't recommend purchasing it now, because people who play this U are more than me. A few, resulting in even now buying L501 batch of products, touched a good constitutional probability actually has dropped, and some of the guaranteed fitness to 4g of the business and then took the opportunity to raise the price to 800 or more. It should be said that if my sink is not able to 4.3g sake, the starting price of 750 has not been too high price, plus the physical limit is probably also in the degree of 4.3g, simply can not reach the basic disk of 4.5g . Taking into account the current price of QHQG, a better choice is to add two or three hundred pieces of i5 6400, not only the official version of the CPU does not have warranty, but also can be perfect non-K overclocking, and pure quad-core and quad-core The gap between the eight threads is not obvious, reference to my previous G4400 can easily 4.5g or even 4.7g case, the official version of the CPU seems to have the ability to 4.5g basic disk, so as to QHQG performance The gap is even smaller and can even overtake
Therefore, in the end it is still a sentence, I hope you rational consumption, careful purchase, if the pursuit of stability on the i5, if the pursuit of close to 100% overclocking rate of pleasure, it is still buying N QHQG to touch it, 2.2g to 4.3g of achievements Feeling is still great
So this heavyweight sharing is like this, we'll do goodbye next time, diarrhea
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